TLRs: Differential Adapter Utilization by Toll-Like Receptors Mediates TLR-Specific Patterns of Gene Expression

Schematic representation of known mammalian TLR adapter molecules. A. MyD88, TIRAP/Mal, TRIF/TICAM-1, and TIRP/TRAM/TICAM-2 are all known TLR adapter proteins, while the function of SARM is not yet known. B. CLUSTAL W alignment of the TIR domains of human and mouse MyD88, TIRAP/Mal, TRIF/TICAM-1, and TIRP/TRAM/TICAM-2. The amino acid colors are based on their physicochemical properties where yellow = small, green = hydrophobic, turquoise = aromatic, blue = positively charged and red = negatively charged. The three important regions, Box 1, 2, and 3 are labeled.