The Epworth Sleepiness Scale, a self-administered test to determine excessive daytime sleepiness. Numeric scores from each question are summed to obtain a total score, which can range from 0 to 24. A score of more than 16 indicates a high level of sleepiness. The survey, designed to overcome differences in daily routines, was validated in patients with confirmed diagnoses of sleep disorders. From Johns.²⁵ Used by permission.