G Protein-Coupled Receptors Go Extracellular: RhoA Integrates the Integrins

Promoter sequences from the CCN1-encoding gene and selected transcriptional response elements. The center portion of the Figure lists promoter elements that have been determined through studies of the human (white text) and murine (black text) gene. Above and below the schematized promoter are GPCR-mediated signaling pathways that could regulate expression of the gene by targeting selected promoter elements. GPCRs (colored structures of seven cylinders) are located in the plasma membrane and preferentially couple to distinct G proteins as indicated (see text for details).