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Association between pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections disease and tumor necrosis factor-α gene−308 g/a, −850 c/t polymorphisms in 4-12-year-old children in Adana/Turkey
H Umit Luleyap1, Dilge Onatoglu1, M Bertan Yilmaz1, Davut Alptekin1, Aysegul Y Tahiroglu2, Salih Cetiner3, Ayfer Pazarbasi1, Ilker Unal4, Ayse Avci2, Gamze Comertpay1
1 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, University of Cukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey
2 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, University of Cukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey
3 Faculty of Medicine, Balcali Hospital, Department of Immunology-Central Laboratory, University of Cukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey
4 Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cukurova, 01330 Adana, Turkey
Correspondence Address:
H Umit Luleyap
Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana
Turkey
 Source of Support: Scientific research foundation of Cukurova University, Conflict of Interest: None  | 3 |
DOI: 10.4103/0971-6866.116116
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Objectives: Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) is a newly defined disease in neuropsychiatry and occurs with an autoimmune mechanism after Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) infection. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF), encoded by TNF-α gene has an important role in the apoptotic mechanisms of autoimmune diseases. Recently, TNF-α polymorphisms and autoimmune/psychiatric disorders have been reported to be related. In this regard, we focused on to investigate a possible relation between the TNF-α gene promoter region−308 G/A and − 850 C/T polymorphisms and PANDAS.
Materials and Methods: In this study, ages of PANDAS patient and control groups were ranging from 4 years to 12-year-old. "Patient group" includes childhood onset PANDAS patients ( n = 42) and "control group" includes healthy children ( n = 58). Diagnoses have been carried out according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-IV) criteria with Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime (KSAD-S-PL) and Children Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Moreover, PANDAS criteria established by the American National Psychiatry Institute have been employed for diagnoses. For identifying polymorphisms; Polymerase Chain Reaction, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism and Polyacrylamid Gel Electrophoresis were used.
Results and Discussion: For −308 polymorphism, 37 of 42 PANDAS patients' results and for −850 C/T polymorphism, 38 of 42 PANDAS patients' results were obtained. According to our statistical analysis there is a positive relationship between PANDAS patients for −308 G/A polymorphism but not for −850 C/T polymorphism. There is no positive relationship between −308 G/A polymorphism and antistrep-tolysin O (ASO) titers and no relationship between −850 C/T polymorphism and ASO titers. We found, however, positive relationship between genders of patients (boys) and the disease. According to our results, we propose that the AA polymorphism of −308 G/A polymorphism can be used as a molecular indicator for PANDAS. |
