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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2014  |  Volume : 2  |  Issue : 3  |  Page : 129-134

Anti-microbial efficacy of Allium sativum against Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation on orthodontic mini-implants


1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, College of Dental Surgery, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal
2 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of the East, Manila, Philippines
3 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
4 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Surgery, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal

Correspondence Address:
Lubna Khan
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, College of Dental Surgery, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa
Nepal
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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None


DOI: 10.4103/2321-3825.140683

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Allium sativum (garlic) extract on the biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans on the surface of orthodontic mini-implants. Materials and Methods: Three brands (Dentos, Forestadent and Hubit) of titanium mini-implants were used as samples, which were divided into four groups each containing S. mutans along with four different concentrations of garlic extract-0 mg/ml, 16 mg/ml, 32 mg/ml, 64 mg/ml and 1 mini-implant from each of the three brands. The amount of viable S. mutans bacteria, as well as its biofilm formation on the surface of mini-implants was determined quantitatively as well as qualitatively using microbial viability assay, electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis. ANOVA test was done. Results: 32 mg/ml and 64 mg/ml concentration of garlic extract showed a considerable antimicrobial efficacy against S. mutans and effectively prevented the biofilm formation by S. mutans on the surfaces of all the mini-implants with 32 mg/ml being the lowest effective concentration of garlic extract to prevent S. mutans biofilm formation and 64 mg/ml being the most potent concentration. Conclusion: Garlic extract can be a promising alternative to other chemical agents used in mouthwashes to prevent bacterial biofilm formation on the surface of orthodontic mini-implants and can thus help in the reduction of mini-implant failure due to biofilm formation. It has a potential to serve as a herbal substitute to chlorhexidine, which has been shown to exhibit several side-effects during long-term use.


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