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Leptin and calorie restriction and their impact on SDF-1 signaling
DOI:10.1038/bonekey.2015.121
Periyasamy-Thandavan et al focus on the interplay between leptin and calorie restriction to assess the impact on the fate and survival of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the consequences for age-related bone loss.
Mice subjected to calorie restriction only or calorie restriction plus intraperitoneal injections of leptin for 10 days showed an increased expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and of its primary receptor, cysteine (C)-X-C motif chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4). Conversely, expression of CXCR7, an alternative SDF-1 receptor, decreased. The authors observe that the change in nutritional status in calorie restricted mice led to a fundamental shift in the SDF/CXCR axis in bone marrow tissues.
Calorie restricted mice also showed a lower level of bone formation and an increased rate of adipogenesis in the bone marrow. However, leptin treatment for 10 days reversed this, suggesting that calorie restriction and leptin have different effects on SDF-1 within the bone marrow microenvironment.
Editor's comment: These in vivo and in vitro experiments unravel the complex interplay of caloric restriction, leptin and sdf-1 on the fatty transformation of bone marrow with aging. Most interestingly they show that leptin reduces bone marrow adipogenesis. This finding, taken together with the positive effects of leptin on bone formation confirms the role of this hormone as a bone-protective agent.
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